The Burnham Industrial Farm was established in 1886 on the property of a former Shaker community in Canaan by Frederick Gordon Burnham and his wife, Catherine Hilliard Burnham, as a residential facility for troubled boys. The school's name was changed to the Berkshire Industrial Farm in 1894. It became the Berkshire Farm for Boys in 1959, and in 1974 it assumed its current name, the Berkshire Farm Center and Services for Youth.